2019 Publications

Reference onlyReference with abstract

2488608 S56ZU2DB 2019 1 apa 50 creator asc 1 1 3681 https://nismat.org/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22BJVK4NMU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Brownstein%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBrownstein%2C%20C.%20G.%2C%20Ansdell%2C%20P.%2C%20%26%23x160%3Bkarabot%2C%20J.%2C%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Howatson%2C%20G.%2C%20Goodall%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Thomas%2C%20K.%20%282019%29.%20The%20Effect%20of%20Phase%20Change%20Material%20on%20Recovery%20of%20Neuromuscular%20Function%20Following%20Competitive%20Soccer%20Match-Play.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BFrontiers%20in%20Physiology%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B10%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20647.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffphys.2019.00647%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffphys.2019.00647%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DBJVK4NMU%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DYV4IN76Y%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Effect%20of%20Phase%20Change%20Material%20on%20Recovery%20of%20Neuromuscular%20Function%20Following%20Competitive%20Soccer%20Match-Play%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Callum%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brownstein%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paul%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ansdell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jakob%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22%5Cu0160karabot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howatson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stuart%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goodall%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kevin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Aim%3A%20Cryotherapy%20is%20commonly%20implemented%20following%20soccer%20match-play%20in%20an%20attempt%20to%20accelerate%20the%20natural%20time-course%20of%20recovery%2C%20but%20the%20effect%20of%20this%20intervention%20on%20neuromuscular%20function%20is%20unknown.%20The%20aim%20of%20the%20present%20study%20was%20to%20examine%20the%20effect%20of%20donning%20lower-body%20garments%20fitted%20with%20cooled%20phase%20change%20material%20%28PCM%29%20on%20recovery%20of%20neuromuscular%20function%20following%20competitive%20soccer%20match-play.%20Methods%3A%20Using%20a%20randomized%2C%20crossover%20design%2C%2011%20male%20semi-professional%20soccer%20players%20wore%20PCM%20cooled%20to%2015%5Cu00b0C%20%28PCMcold%29%20or%20left%20at%20ambient%20temperature%20%28PCMamb%3B%20sham%20control%29%20for%203%20h%20following%20soccer%20match-play.%20Pre-%2C%20and%2024%2C%2048%2C%20and%2072%20h%20post-match%2C%20participants%20completed%20a%20battery%20of%20neuromuscular%2C%20physical%2C%20and%20perceptual%20tests.%20Maximal%20voluntary%20contraction%20force%20%28MVC%29%20and%20twitch%20responses%20to%20electrical%20%28femoral%20nerve%29%20and%20magnetic%20%28motor%20cortex%29%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%20during%20isometric%20knee-extension%20and%20at%20rest%20were%20measured%20to%20assess%20central%20nervous%20system%20%28CNS%29%20%28voluntary%20activation%2C%20VA%29%20and%20muscle%20contractile%20%28quadriceps%20potentiated%20twitch%20force%2C%20Qtw%2Cpot%29%20function.%20Fatigue%20and%20perceptions%20of%20muscle%20soreness%20were%20assessed%20via%20visual%20analog%20scales%2C%20and%20physical%20function%20was%20assessed%20through%20measures%20of%20jump%20%5Bcountermovement%20jump%20%28CMJ%29%20height%20and%20reactive%20strength%20index%20%28RSI%29%5D%20performance.%20A%20belief%20questionnaire%20was%20completed%20pre-%20and%20post-intervention%20to%20determine%20the%20perceived%20effectiveness%20of%20each%20garment.%20Results%3A%20Competitive%20soccer%20match-play%20elicited%20persistent%20decrements%20in%20MVC%2C%20VA%20measured%20with%20femoral%20nerve%20stimulation%2C%20Qtw%2Cpot%2C%20as%20well%20as%20reactive%20strength%2C%20fatigue%20and%20muscle%20soreness%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%200.05%29.%20Both%20MVC%20and%20VA%20were%20higher%20at%2048%20h%20post-match%20after%20wearing%20PCMcold%20compared%20with%20PCMamb%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%200.05%29.%20However%2C%20there%20was%20no%20effect%20of%20PCM%20on%20the%20magnitude%20or%20time-course%20of%20recovery%20for%20any%20other%20neuromuscular%2C%20physical%20function%2C%20or%20perceptual%20indices%20studied%20%28P%20%26gt%3B%200.05%29.%20The%20belief%20questionnaire%20revealed%20that%20players%20perceived%20that%20both%20PCMcold%20and%20PCMamb%20were%20moderately%20effective%20in%20improving%20recovery%2C%20with%20no%20difference%20between%20the%20two%20interventions%20%28P%20%3D%200.56%29.%20Conclusion%3A%20Although%20wearing%20cooled%20PCM%20garments%20improved%20MVC%20and%20VA%2048%20h%20following%20match-play%2C%20the%20lack%20of%20effect%20on%20measures%20of%20physical%20function%20or%20perceptual%20responses%20to%20match-play%20suggest%20that%20PCM%20offers%20a%20limited%20benefit%20to%20the%20recovery%20process.%20The%20lack%20of%20effect%20could%20have%20been%20due%20to%20the%20relatively%20small%20magnitude%20of%20change%20in%20most%20of%20the%20outcome%20measures%20studied.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffphys.2019.00647%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2231244667%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22PMC6562676%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221664-042X%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227K6U3LE9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Fukunaga%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BFukunaga%2C%20T.%2C%20Johnson%2C%20C.%20D.%2C%20Nicholas%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%20%282019%29.%20Muscle%20hypotrophy%2C%20not%20inhibition%2C%20is%20responsible%20for%20quadriceps%20weakness%20during%20rehabilitation%20after%20anterior%20cruciate%20ligament%20reconstruction.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BKnee%20Surgery%2C%20Sports%20Traumatology%2C%20Arthroscopy%3A%20Official%20Journal%20of%20the%20ESSKA%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B27%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20573%26%23x2013%3B579.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00167-018-5166-1%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00167-018-5166-1%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3D7K6U3LE9%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DGHTQBAGF%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Muscle%20hypotrophy%2C%20not%20inhibition%2C%20is%20responsible%20for%20quadriceps%20weakness%20during%20rehabilitation%20after%20anterior%20cruciate%20ligament%20reconstruction%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Takumi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fukunaga%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christopher%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nicholas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20Quadriceps%20weakness%20is%20common%20after%20anterior%20cruciate%20ligament%20reconstruction%20%28ACLR%29.%20Limited%20neuromuscular%20activation%20may%20have%20a%20role%20in%20the%20weakness.%20The%20purpose%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20use%20peripheral%20magnetic%20stimulation%20to%20measure%20changes%20in%20quadriceps%20inhibition%20in%20patients%20during%20rehabilitation%20from%20ACLR.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20Ten%20patients%20%287M%5C%2F3F%3B%20age%2035%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20098%20years%3B%20BMI%2026.0%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20094.8%5Cu00a0kg%5C%2Fm2%29%20who%20had%20ACLR%20with%20patellar%20tendon%20autograft%20were%20recruited.%20At%203%20and%206%5Cu00a0months%20postoperatively%2C%20patients%26%23039%3B%20knee%20extension%20peak%20torque%20was%20measured%20during%20maximum%20voluntary%20isometric%20contraction%20%28MVIC%29%2C%20magnetic%20stimulation-evoked%20contraction%2C%20and%20MVIC%20augmented%20with%20superimposed%20burst%20magnetic%20stimulation%20to%20the%20femoral%20nerve.%20All%20tests%20were%20done%20bilaterally%20at%2030%5Cu00b0%20and%2065%5Cu00b0%20of%20knee%20flexion%20on%20a%20dynamometer.%20Central%20activation%20ratio%20was%20calculated%20by%20dividing%20the%20peak%20torque%20before%20stimulation%20by%20peak%20torque%20after%20stimulation.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Patients%20had%20marked%20deficits%20in%20MVIC%2C%20with%20improvement%20from%203%20to%206%20months%20that%20was%20more%20apparent%20at%2065%5Cu00b0%20versus%2030%5Cu00b0%20%28P%5Cu2009%26lt%3B%5Cu20090.05%29.%20There%20was%20significant%20deficit%20in%20stimulation-evoked%20torque%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20that%20diminished%20over%20time%2C%20and%20this%20change%20occurred%20differently%20between%20the%20two%20angles%20%28P%5Cu2009%26lt%3B%5Cu20090.05%29.%20Central%20activation%20ratio%20was%20lower%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20noninvolved%20side%20and%20this%20effect%20was%20more%20prominent%20at%203%20versus%206%20months%3A%20combining%20the%20angles%2C%20mean%20central%20activation%20ratio%20on%20the%20involved%20and%20noninvolved%20sides%2C%20respectively%2C%20was%2091.4%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20097.6%25%20and%2097.5%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20095.3%25%20at%203%20months%2C%20and%2093.0%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20097.8%25%20and%2095.8%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20096.8%25%20at%206%20months.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20At%203%20and%206%20months%20after%20ACLR%2C%20there%20were%20significant%20deficits%20in%20quadriceps%20strength%20and%20activation.%20Quadriceps%20activation%20levels%20were%20high%20%28%26gt%3B%5Cu200990%25%29%20for%20both%20sides%20at%20both%20time%20points.%20The%20substantial%20strength%20deficits%20at%20this%20postoperative%20period%20may%20be%20largely%20due%20to%20muscle%20atrophy%20with%20limited%20contribution%20from%20central%20inhibition.%20Rehabilitation%20interventions%20to%20normalize%20quadriceps%20strength%20should%20emphasize%20hypertrophic%20stimuli%20as%20opposed%20to%20neuromuscular%20activation%20strategies.%5CnLEVEL%20OF%20EVIDENCE%3A%20II%2C%20prospective%20cohort%20study.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs00167-018-5166-1%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230269167%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221433-7347%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-08-01T00%3A34%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RNYB5MVP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Glace%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BGlace%2C%20B.%20W.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%20%282019%29.%20Effect%20of%20carbohydrate%20beverage%20ingestion%20on%20central%20versus%20peripheral%20fatigue%3A%20a%20placebo-controlled%2C%20randomized%20trial%20in%20cyclists.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BApplied%20Physiology%2C%20Nutrition%2C%20and%20Metabolism%20%3D%20Physiologie%20Appliquee%2C%20Nutrition%20Et%20Metabolisme%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B44%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20139%26%23x2013%3B147.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1139%5C%2Fapnm-2017-0777%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1139%5C%2Fapnm-2017-0777%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DRNYB5MVP%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DBVVBW74F%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Effect%20of%20carbohydrate%20beverage%20ingestion%20on%20central%20versus%20peripheral%20fatigue%3A%20a%20placebo-controlled%2C%20randomized%20trial%20in%20cyclists%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Beth%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Glace%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20investigated%20whether%20carbohydrate%20ingestion%20delays%20fatigue%20in%20endurance-trained%20cyclists%20via%20peripheral%20or%20central%20mechanisms.%20Ten%20men%20%2835%20%5Cu00b1%209%20years%20of%20age%29%20and%2010%20women%20%2842%20%5Cu00b1%207%20years%20of%20age%29%20were%20assigned%2C%20in%20a%20double-blind%2C%20crossover%20design%2C%20to%20a%20sports%20drink%20%28CHO%29%20or%20to%20a%20placebo%20%28PL%29.%20The%20following%20strength%20measures%20were%20made%203%20times%20%28before%20exercise%2C%20after%20a%20time%20trial%20%28TT%29%2C%20and%20after%20a%20ride%20to%20exhaustion%29%3A%20%28i%29%20maximal%20voluntary%20contraction%20%28MVC%29%3B%20%28ii%29%20MVC%20with%20superimposed%20femoral%20nerve%20magnetic%20stimulation%20to%20measure%20central%20activation%20ratio%20%28CAR%29%3B%20and%20%28iii%29%20femoral%20nerve%20stimulation%20in%20a%203-s%20pulse%20train%20on%20relaxed%20muscle.%20The%20subjects%20cycled%20for%202%20h%20at%20approximately%2065%25%20of%20peak%20oxygen%20consumption%2C%20with%20five%201-min%20sprints%20interspersed%2C%20followed%20by%20a%203-km%20TT.%20After%20strength%20testing%2C%20the%20cyclists%20remounted%20their%20bikes%2C%20performed%20a%20brief%20warm-up%2C%20and%20pedaled%20at%20approximately%2085%25%20peak%20oxygen%20consumption%20until%20unable%20to%20maintain%20workload.%20Changes%20in%20metabolic%20and%20strength%20measurements%20were%20analyzed%20with%20repeated-measures%20ANOVA.%20From%20before%20exercise%20to%20after%20the%20TT%2C%20MVC%20declined%20in%20men%20%2817%25%29%20and%20women%20%2818%25%29%20%28p%20%3D%200.004%29%2C%20with%20no%20effect%20of%20beverage%20%28p%20%26gt%3B%200.193%29%3B%20CAR%20decreased%20in%20both%20sexes%20with%20PL%20%28p%20%3D%200.009%29%2C%20and%20the%20decline%20was%20attenuated%20by%20CHO%20in%20men%20only%20%28time%20%5Cu00d7%20treatment%2C%20p%20%3D%200.022%29%3B%20and%20there%20was%20no%20evidence%20of%20peripheral%20fatigue%20in%20either%20sex%20with%20either%20beverage%20%28p%20%26gt%3B%200.122%29.%20Men%20rode%20faster%20in%20the%20TT%20with%20CHO%20%28p%20%3D%200.005%29%20but%20did%20not%20improve%20performance%20in%20the%20ride%20to%20exhaustion%20%28p%20%3D%200.080%29.%20In%20women%2C%20CHO%20did%20not%20improve%20performance%20in%20the%20TT%20%28p%20%3D%200.173%29%20or%20in%20the%20ride%20to%20exhaustion%20%28p%20%3D%200.930%29.%20We%20concluded%20that%20carbohydrate%20ingestion%20preserved%20central%20activation%20and%20performance%20in%20men%2C%20but%20not%20in%20women%2C%20during%20long-duration%20cycling.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1139%5C%2Fapnm-2017-0777%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230058344%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221715-5320%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22KHSI8UUG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kwiecien%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-09-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKwiecien%2C%20S.%20Y.%2C%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Goodall%2C%20S.%2C%20Hicks%2C%20K.%20M.%2C%20Hunter%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Howatson%2C%20G.%20%282019%29.%20Exploring%20the%20Efficacy%20of%20a%20Safe%20Cryotherapy%20Alternative%3A%20Physiological%20Temperature%20Changes%20From%20Cold-Water%20Immersion%20Versus%20Prolonged%20Cooling%20of%20Phase-Change%20Material.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInternational%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Physiology%20and%20Performance%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%201288%26%23x2013%3B1296.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1123%5C%2Fijspp.2018-0763%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1123%5C%2Fijspp.2018-0763%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DKHSI8UUG%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DI78I8YS4%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Exploring%20the%20Efficacy%20of%20a%20Safe%20Cryotherapy%20Alternative%3A%20Physiological%20Temperature%20Changes%20From%20Cold-Water%20Immersion%20Versus%20Prolonged%20Cooling%20of%20Phase-Change%20Material%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Susan%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kwiecien%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stuart%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goodall%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kirsty%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hicks%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Angus%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hunter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howatson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20To%20evaluate%20the%20effectiveness%20between%20cold-water%20immersion%20%28CWI%29%20and%20phase-change-material%20%28PCM%29%20cooling%20on%20intramuscular%2C%20core%2C%20and%20skin-temperature%20and%20cardiovascular%20responses.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20In%20a%20randomized%2C%20crossover%20design%2C%2011%20men%20completed%2015%5Cu00a0min%20of%2015%5Cu00b0C%20CWI%20to%20the%20umbilicus%20and%202-h%20recovery%20or%203%5Cu00a0h%20of%2015%5Cu00b0C%20PCM%20covering%20the%20quadriceps%20and%201%5Cu00a0h%20of%20recovery%2C%20separated%20by%2024%5Cu00a0h.%20Vastus%20lateralis%20intramuscular%20temperature%20at%201%20and%203%5Cu00a0cm%2C%20core%20and%20skin%20temperature%2C%20heart-rate%20variability%2C%20and%20thermal%20comfort%20were%20recorded%20at%20baseline%20and%2015-min%20intervals%20throughout%20treatment%20and%20recovery.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Intramuscular%20temperature%20decreased%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%29%20during%20and%20after%20both%20treatments.%20A%20faster%20initial%20effect%20was%20observed%20from%2015%5Cu00a0min%20of%20CWI%20%28%5Cu0394%3A%204.3%5Cu00b0C%20%5B1.7%5Cu00b0C%5D%201%5Cu00a0cm%3B%205.5%5Cu00b0C%20%5B2.1%5Cu00b0C%5D%203%5Cu00a0cm%3B%20P%20%3D%20.01%29.%20However%2C%20over%20time%20%282%5Cu00a0h%2015%5Cu00a0min%29%2C%20greater%20effects%20were%20observed%20from%20prolonged%20PCM%20treatment%20%28%5Cu0394%3A%204.2%5Cu00b0C%20%5B1.9%5Cu00b0C%5D%201%5Cu00a0cm%3B%202.2%5Cu00b0C%20%5B2.2%5Cu00b0C%5D%203%5Cu00a0cm%3B%20treatment%20%5Cu00d7%20time%2C%20P%20%3D%20.0001%29.%20During%20the%20first%20hour%20of%20recovery%20from%20both%20treatments%2C%20intramuscular%20temperature%20was%20higher%20from%20CWI%20at%201%5Cu00a0cm%20%28P%20%3D%20.013%29%20but%20not%203%5Cu00a0cm.%20Core%20temperature%20deceased%200.25%5Cu00b0%20%280.32%5Cu00b0%29%20from%20CWI%20%28P%20%3D%20.001%29%20and%200.28%5Cu00b0C%20%280.27%5Cu00b0C%29%20from%20PCM%20%28P%20%3D%20.0001%29%2C%20whereas%20heart-rate%20variability%20increased%20during%20both%20treatments%20%28P%20%3D%20.001%29%2C%20with%20no%20differences%20between%20treatments.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20The%20magnitude%20of%20temperature%20reduction%20from%20CWI%20was%20comparable%20with%20PCM%2C%20but%20intramuscular%20temperature%20was%20decreased%20for%20longer%20during%20PCM.%20PCM%20cooling%20packs%20offer%20an%20alternative%20for%20delivering%20prolonged%20cooling%20whenever%20application%20of%20CWI%20is%20impractical%20while%20also%20exerting%20a%20central%20effect%20on%20core%20temperature%20and%20heart%20rate.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%2002%2C%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1123%5C%2Fijspp.2018-0763%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230958051%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221555-0273%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RY64ZEAD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kwiecien%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKwiecien%2C%20S.%20Y.%2C%20Mathew%2C%20S.%2C%20Howatson%2C%20G.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%20%282019%29.%20The%20effect%20of%20varying%20degrees%20of%20compression%20from%20elastic%20vs%20plastic%20wrap%20on%20quadriceps%20intramuscular%20temperature%20during%20wetted%20ice%20application.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BScandinavian%20Journal%20of%20Medicine%20%26amp%3B%20Science%20in%20Sports%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%288%29%2C%201109%26%23x2013%3B1114.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13430%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13430%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DRY64ZEAD%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DXUADTMT8%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20effect%20of%20varying%20degrees%20of%20compression%20from%20elastic%20vs%20plastic%20wrap%20on%20quadriceps%20intramuscular%20temperature%20during%20wetted%20ice%20application%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Susan%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kwiecien%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mathew%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howatson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20aim%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20evaluate%20and%20compare%20the%20effectiveness%20of%20wetted%20ice%20bag%2C%20applied%20with%20high%20compression%20elastic%20wrap%20or%20held%20in%20place%20with%20low%20compression%20plastic%20wrap%2C%20on%20reducing%20vastus%20lateralis%20intramuscular%20temperature%20and%20skin%20surface%20temperature.%20Ten%20healthy%20male%20participants%20had%20wetted%20ice%20packs%20applied%20to%20a%20standardized%20area%20on%20the%20anterior%20aspect%20of%20the%20quadriceps%20simultaneously%20to%20both%20legs%20for%2030%5Cu00a0minutes.%20The%20ice%20pack%20was%20secured%20with%20high%20compression%20%28elastic%20wrap%29%20to%20the%20left%20anterior%20thigh%20%2860.6%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a08.1%5Cu00a0mm%5Cu00a0Hg%29%20and%20low%20compression%20%28plastic%20wrap%29%20to%20the%20right%20anterior%20thigh%20%2815.5%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a04.0%5Cu00a0mm%5Cu00a0Hg%29.%20Intramuscular%20temperature%20%281%20and%203%5Cu00a0cm%29%20and%20skin%20temperature%20of%20the%20vastus%20lateralis%20were%20measured%20continuously%20during%20a%2010-minute%20baseline%20period%2C%2030-minute%20treatment%20period%2C%20and%20a%2060-minute%20recovery%20period.%20No%20difference%20was%20observed%20between%20treatments%20in%20terms%20of%20the%20magnitude%20of%20reduction%20in%20intramuscular%20temperature%20at%20both%201%20and%203%5Cu00a0cm%20and%20skin%20temperature%20regardless%20of%20compression%20pressure%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26gt%3B%5Cu00a00.05%29.%20Temperature%20upon%20conclusion%20of%20elastic%20wrap%20treatment%20was%20as%20follows%3A%2017.8%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a05.2%5Cu00b0C%20at%201%5Cu00a0cm%20and%2023.1%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a04.9%5Cu00b0C%20at%203%5Cu00a0cm%3B%20plastic%20wrap%20treatment%3A%2017.9%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a04.4%5Cu00b0C%20at%201%5Cu00a0cm%20and%2024.5%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a06.7%5Cu00b0C%20at%203%5Cu00a0cm.%20Plastic%20wraps%20may%20offer%20a%20practical%20alternative%20to%20elastic%20wraps%20for%20clinicians%20as%20they%20may%20be%20disposed%20of%20by%20the%20patient%20or%20athlete%20without%20having%20to%20stay%20at%20the%20treatment%20facility.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Aug%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fsms.13430%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230963633%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221600-0838%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PL8KMRHQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22McHugh%20and%20Tyler%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMcHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Tyler%2C%20T.%20F.%20%282019%29.%20Muscle%20strain%20injury%20vs%20muscle%20damage%3A%20Two%20mutually%20exclusive%20clinical%20entities.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BTranslational%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B2%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%283%29%2C%20102%26%23x2013%3B108.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DPL8KMRHQ%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Muscle%20strain%20injury%20vs%20muscle%20damage%3A%20Two%20mutually%20exclusive%20clinical%20entities%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Timothy%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tyler%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Muscle%20strain%20injury%20and%20exercise-induced%20muscle%20damage%20have%20been%20described%20as%20a%20continuum%20of%20injury%20whereby%20microtears%20%28muscle%20damage%29%20lead%20to%20muscle%20strain%20injury.%20However%2C%20the%20clinical%20scenario%20is%20one%20of%20two%20mutually%20exclusive%20conditions%20that%20differ%20markedly%20in%20terms%20of%20site%20of%20injury%2C%20mechanism%20of%20injury%2C%20associated%20symptoms%2C%20repair%20process%2C%20and%20re-injury%20rate.%20Muscle%20strain%20injury%20is%20a%20tearing%20of%20muscle%20fibers%20close%20to%20the%20muscle-tendon%20junction%20during%20the%20application%20of%20a%20single%20tensile%20load%2C%20with%20sudden%20debilitating%20symptoms%2C%20and%20a%20subsequent%20repair%20process%20that%20is%20slow%2C%20and%20often%20incomplete%2C%20resulting%20in%20a%20high%20risk%20of%20recurrence.%20Exercise-induced%20muscle%20damage%20is%20a%20disruption%20to%20myofibrils%20that%20occurs%20gradually%20during%20eccentrically%20biased%20exercise%2C%20resulting%20in%20delayed%20symptoms%2C%20that%20typically%20resolve%20uneventfully%2C%20with%20a%20repair%20process%20that%20makes%20the%20muscle%20resistant%20to%20a%20recurrence%20of%20damage.%20Thus%2C%20muscle%20strain%20injury%20and%20exercise-induced%20muscle%20damage%20should%20be%20viewed%20as%20mutually%20exclusive%20clinical%20entities.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Fabs%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222573-8488%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22CF96WS9I%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22McHugh%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-11%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMcHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Orishimo%2C%20K.%20F.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20Adelman%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Nicholas%2C%20S.%20J.%20%282019%29.%20Electromyographic%20Evidence%20of%20Excessive%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Elongation%20During%20Isometric%20Contractions%20After%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Repair.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BOrthopaedic%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B7%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2811%29%2C%202325967119883357.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967119883357%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967119883357%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DCF96WS9I%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3D4K7JIKJ7%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Electromyographic%20Evidence%20of%20Excessive%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Elongation%20During%20Isometric%20Contractions%20After%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Repair%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orishimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adelman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nicholas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%20Weakness%20in%20end-range%20plantarflexion%20has%20been%20demonstrated%20after%20Achilles%20tendon%20repair%20and%20may%20be%20because%20of%20excessive%20tendon%20elongation.%20The%20mean%20frequency%20%28MNF%29%20of%20surface%20electromyogram%20%28EMG%29%20data%20during%20isometric%20maximum%20voluntary%20contraction%20%28MVC%29%20increases%20with%20muscle%20fiber%20shortening.%5CnHypothesis%3A%20During%20isometric%20plantarflexion%2C%20MNF%20during%20MVCs%20will%20be%20higher%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20compared%20with%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20after%20Achilles%20tendon%20repair%20because%20of%20excessive%20tendon%20elongation%20and%20greater%20muscle%20fiber%20shortening.%5CnStudy%20Design%3A%20Case%20series%3B%20Level%20of%20evidence%2C%204.%5CnMethods%3A%20Isometric%20plantarflexion%20MVC%20torque%20was%20measured%20at%2020%5Cu00b0%20and%2010%5Cu00b0%20dorsiflexion%2C%20neutral%2C%20and%2010%5Cu00b0%20and%2020%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20in%2017%20patients%20%2815%20men%2C%202%20women%3B%20mean%20age%2C%2039%20%5Cu00b1%209%20years%29%20at%20a%20mean%2043%20%5Cu00b1%2026%20months%20after%20surgery.%20Surface%20EMG%20signals%20were%20recorded%20during%20strength%20tests.%20MNF%20was%20calculated%20from%20fast%20Fourier%20transforms%20of%20medial%20gastrocnemius%20%28MG%29%2C%20lateral%20gastrocnemius%20%28LG%29%2C%20and%20soleus%20%28SOL%29%20EMG%20signals.%5CnResults%3A%20Patients%20had%20marked%20weakness%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%2020%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20%28deficit%2C%2028%25%20%5Cu00b1%2018%25%3B%20P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%29%20but%20no%20significant%20weakness%20in%2020%5Cu00b0%20dorsiflexion%20%28deficit%2C%208%25%20%5Cu00b1%2015%25%3B%20P%20%3D%20.195%29.%20MNF%20increased%20when%20moving%20from%20dorsiflexion%20to%20plantarflexion%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%29%2C%20but%20overall%2C%20it%20was%20not%20different%20between%20the%20involved%20and%20uninvolved%20sides%20%28P%20%3D%20.195%29.%20However%2C%20differences%20in%20MNF%20between%20the%20involved%20and%20uninvolved%20sides%20were%20apparent%20in%20patients%20with%20marked%20weakness.%20At%2010%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%2C%208%20of%2017%20patients%20had%20marked%20weakness%20%28%26gt%3B20%25%20deficit%29.%20MNF%20at%2010%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20was%20significantly%20higher%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%20patients%20with%20weakness%2C%20but%20this%20was%20not%20apparent%20in%20patients%20with%20no%20weakness%20%28side%20by%20group%2C%20P%20%3D%20.012%29.%20Mean%20MNF%20at%2010%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20across%20the%203%20muscles%20was%2013%25%20higher%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%20patients%20with%20weakness%20%28P%20%3D%20.012%29%20versus%203%25%20lower%20in%20patients%20with%20no%20weakness%20%28P%20%3D%20.522%29.%5CnConclusion%3A%20Higher%20MNF%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%20patients%20with%20significant%20plantarflexion%20weakness%20is%20consistent%20with%20greater%20muscle%20fiber%20shortening.%20This%20indicates%20that%20weakness%20was%20primarily%20because%20of%20excessive%20lengthening%20of%20the%20repaired%20Achilles%20tendon.%20If%20weakness%20was%20simply%20because%20of%20atrophy%2C%20a%20lower%20MNF%20would%20have%20been%20expected%20and%20patients%20would%20have%20had%20weakness%20throughout%20the%20range%20of%20motion.%20Surgical%20and%20rehabilitative%20strategies%20are%20needed%20to%20prevent%20excessive%20tendon%20elongation%20and%20weakness%20in%20end-range%20plantarflexion%20after%20Achilles%20repair.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Nov%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F2325967119883357%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2231763342%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22PMC6854752%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222325-9671%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-08-01T00%3A34%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MQK9UXY3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Swain%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BSwain%2C%20C.%20T.%20V.%2C%20Bradshaw%2C%20E.%20J.%2C%20Ekegren%2C%20C.%20L.%2C%20Orishimo%2C%20K.%20F.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20Liederbach%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hagins%2C%20M.%20%282019%29.%20Multi-segment%20spine%20range%20of%20motion%20in%20dancers%20with%20and%20without%20recent%20low%20back%20pain.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BGait%20%26amp%3B%20Posture%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B70%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%2053%26%23x2013%3B58.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.gaitpost.2019.02.012%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.gaitpost.2019.02.012%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DMQK9UXY3%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DWTWE4SBE%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Multi-segment%20spine%20range%20of%20motion%20in%20dancers%20with%20and%20without%20recent%20low%20back%20pain%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christopher%20T.%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Swain%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bradshaw%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christina%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ekegren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orishimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marijeanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liederbach%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marshall%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hagins%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Altered%20spine%20kinematics%20are%20a%20common%20in%20people%20with%20LBP.%20This%20may%20be%20especially%20true%20for%20populations%20such%20as%20dancers%2C%20who%20are%20required%20to%20perform%20repetitive%20movements%20of%20the%20spine%2C%20although%20this%20remains%20unclear.%5CnRESEARCH%20QUESTION%3A%20Do%20dancers%20with%20recent%20LBP%20display%20altered%20spine%20kinematics%20compared%20to%20their%20asymptomatic%20counterparts%3F%5CnMETHODS%3A%20A%20cross-sectional%20study%20of%20multi-segment%20spine%20kinematics%20was%20performed.%20Forty-seven%20pre-professional%20and%20professional%20female%20dancers%20either%20with%20LBP%20in%20the%20past%20two%20months%20%28n%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200926%29%20or%20no%20LBP%20in%20the%20past%2012%20months%20%28n%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200921%29%20participated.%20Range%20of%20motion%20%28ROM%29%20during%20standing%20side%20bending%2C%20seated%20rotation%2C%20and%20walking%20gait%20were%20compared.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Female%20dancers%20with%20LBP%20displayed%20reduced%20upper%20lumbar%20transverse%20plane%20ROM%20in%20seated%20rotation%20%28Effect%20Size%20%28ES%29%3D%20-0.61%2C%2095%25%20Confidence%20Interval%20%28CI%29%3A%20-1.20%2C%200.02%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.04%29%2C%20as%20well%20as%20reduced%20lower%20lumbar%20transverse%20plane%20ROM%20%28ES%3D-0.65%2C%2095%25%20CI%3A%20-1.24%2C%20-0.06%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.03%29%20in%20gait.%20However%2C%20there%20was%20increased%20lower%20thoracic%20transverse%20plane%20ROM%20%28ES%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.62%2C%2095%25%20CI%3A%200.04%2C%201.21%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.04%29%20during%20gait.%20No%20differences%20in%20the%20frontal%20plane%20were%20observed.%5CnSIGNIFICANCE%3A%20Altered%20transverse%20plane%20spine%20kinematics%20were%20evident%20in%20dancers%20with%20recent%20LBP%20for%20select%20segments%20and%20tasks.%20This%20may%20reflect%20a%20protective%20movement%20strategy.%20However%2C%20as%20the%20effect%20sizes%20of%20observed%20differences%20were%20moderate%2C%20and%20the%20total%20number%20of%20differences%20between%20groups%20was%20small%2C%20collectively%2C%20it%20seems%20only%20subtle%20differences%20in%20spine%20kinematics%20differentiate%20dancers%20with%20LBP%20to%20dancers%20without.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.gaitpost.2019.02.012%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230825672%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221879-2219%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZKXYD68S%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ward%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BWard%2C%20R.%20E.%2C%20Fong%20Yan%2C%20A.%2C%20Orishimo%2C%20K.%20F.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20Hagins%2C%20M.%2C%20Liederbach%2C%20M.%2C%20Hiller%2C%20C.%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Pappas%2C%20E.%20%282019%29.%20Comparison%20of%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20between%20male%20and%20female%20dancers%20and%20athletes%20during%20drop%20jump%20landings.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BScandinavian%20Journal%20of%20Medicine%20%26amp%3B%20Science%20in%20Sports%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%281%29%2C%2071%26%23x2013%3B81.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13309%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13309%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DZKXYD68S%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DLSPLH6XB%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Comparison%20of%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20between%20male%20and%20female%20dancers%20and%20athletes%20during%20drop%20jump%20landings%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rachel%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ward%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alycia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fong%20Yan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orishimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marshall%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hagins%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marijeanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liederbach%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Claire%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hiller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Evangelos%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pappas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Repetition%20of%20jumps%20in%20dance%20and%20sport%20training%20poses%20a%20potential%20injury%20risk%3B%20however%2C%20non-contact%20landing%20injuries%20are%20more%20common%20in%20athletes%20than%20dancers.%20This%20study%20aimed%20to%20compare%20the%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20characteristics%20of%20dancers%20and%20athletes%20during%20drop%20landings%20to%20investigate%20possible%20mechanisms%20of%20impact-related%20injuries.%20Kinematics%20and%20kinetics%20were%20recorded%20as%2039%20elite%20modern%20and%20ballet%20dancers%20%2819%20men%20and%2020%20women%29%20and%2040%20college-level%20team%20sport%20athletes%20%2820%20men%20and%2020%20women%29%20performed%20single-legged%20drop%20landings%20from%20a%2030-cm%20platform.%20Vertical%20leg%20stiffness%20and%20joint%20stiffness%20of%20the%20hip%2C%20knee%2C%20and%20ankle%20were%20calculated%20using%20a%20spring-mass%20model.%20Stiffness%20data%2C%20joint%20kinematics%2C%20and%20moments%20were%20compared%20with%20a%20group-by-sex%202-way%20analysis%20of%20variance.%20Multiple%20linear%20regression%20was%20used%20to%20assess%20the%20relative%20contribution%20of%20hip%20and%20knee%20and%20ankle%20joint%20stiffness%20to%20variance%20in%20overall%20vertical%20leg%20stiffness%20for%20dancers%20and%20athletes.%20Dancers%20had%20lower%20leg%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%2C%20knee%20joint%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.034%29%2C%20and%20ankle%20joint%20stiffness%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.043%29%20than%20athletes.%20This%20was%20facilitated%20by%20lower%20knee%20joint%20moments%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.012%29%20and%20greater%20knee%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.029%29%20and%20ankle%20joint%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.048%29%20range%20of%20motion%20in%20dancers.%20Males%20had%20higher%20leg%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%20and%20ankle%20joint%20stiffness%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%20than%20females.%20This%20occurred%20through%20lower%20ankle%20range%20of%20motion%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%20and%20greater%20ankle%20moment%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.022%29%20compared%20to%20females.%20Male%20and%20female%20dancers%20demonstrated%20reduced%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20compared%20to%20athletes%2C%20indicating%20a%20more%20pliable%20landing%20technique.%20Dance%20training%20techniques%20could%20potentially%20inform%20approaches%20to%20injury%20prevention%20in%20athletes.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jan%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fsms.13309%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230242920%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221600-0838%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D

Brownstein, C. G., Ansdell, P., Škarabot, J., McHugh, M. P., Howatson, G., Goodall, S., & Thomas, K. (2019). The Effect of Phase Change Material on Recovery of Neuromuscular Function Following Competitive Soccer Match-Play. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 647. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00647 Cite Download

Fukunaga, T., Johnson, C. D., Nicholas, S. J., & McHugh, M. P. (2019). Muscle hypotrophy, not inhibition, is responsible for quadriceps weakness during rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA, 27(2), 573–579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-5166-1 Cite Download

Glace, B. W., Kremenic, I. J., & McHugh, M. P. (2019). Effect of carbohydrate beverage ingestion on central versus peripheral fatigue: a placebo-controlled, randomized trial in cyclists. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquee, Nutrition Et Metabolisme, 44(2), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0777 Cite Download

Kwiecien, S. Y., McHugh, M. P., Goodall, S., Hicks, K. M., Hunter, A. M., & Howatson, G. (2019). Exploring the Efficacy of a Safe Cryotherapy Alternative: Physiological Temperature Changes From Cold-Water Immersion Versus Prolonged Cooling of Phase-Change Material. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1288–1296. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0763 Cite Download

Kwiecien, S. Y., Mathew, S., Howatson, G., & McHugh, M. P. (2019). The effect of varying degrees of compression from elastic vs plastic wrap on quadriceps intramuscular temperature during wetted ice application. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 29(8), 1109–1114. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13430 Cite Download

McHugh, M. P., & Tyler, T. F. (2019). Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Translational Sports Medicine, 2(3), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1002/tsm2.66 Cite

McHugh, M. P., Orishimo, K. F., Kremenic, I. J., Adelman, J., & Nicholas, S. J. (2019). Electromyographic Evidence of Excessive Achilles Tendon Elongation During Isometric Contractions After Achilles Tendon Repair. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 7(11), 2325967119883357. https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967119883357 Cite Download

Swain, C. T. V., Bradshaw, E. J., Ekegren, C. L., Orishimo, K. F., Kremenic, I. J., Liederbach, M., & Hagins, M. (2019). Multi-segment spine range of motion in dancers with and without recent low back pain. Gait & Posture, 70, 53–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.02.012 Cite Download

Ward, R. E., Fong Yan, A., Orishimo, K. F., Kremenic, I. J., Hagins, M., Liederbach, M., Hiller, C. E., & Pappas, E. (2019). Comparison of lower limb stiffness between male and female dancers and athletes during drop jump landings. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 29(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13309 Cite Download

Abstract present if available.

2488608 S56ZU2DB 2019 1 apa 50 date asc 1 1 1 3681 https://nismat.org/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22PL8KMRHQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22McHugh%20and%20Tyler%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMcHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Tyler%2C%20T.%20F.%20%282019%29.%20Muscle%20strain%20injury%20vs%20muscle%20damage%3A%20Two%20mutually%20exclusive%20clinical%20entities.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BTranslational%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B2%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%283%29%2C%20102%26%23x2013%3B108.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DPL8KMRHQ%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Muscle%20strain%20injury%20vs%20muscle%20damage%3A%20Two%20mutually%20exclusive%20clinical%20entities%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Timothy%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tyler%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Muscle%20strain%20injury%20and%20exercise-induced%20muscle%20damage%20have%20been%20described%20as%20a%20continuum%20of%20injury%20whereby%20microtears%20%28muscle%20damage%29%20lead%20to%20muscle%20strain%20injury.%20However%2C%20the%20clinical%20scenario%20is%20one%20of%20two%20mutually%20exclusive%20conditions%20that%20differ%20markedly%20in%20terms%20of%20site%20of%20injury%2C%20mechanism%20of%20injury%2C%20associated%20symptoms%2C%20repair%20process%2C%20and%20re-injury%20rate.%20Muscle%20strain%20injury%20is%20a%20tearing%20of%20muscle%20fibers%20close%20to%20the%20muscle-tendon%20junction%20during%20the%20application%20of%20a%20single%20tensile%20load%2C%20with%20sudden%20debilitating%20symptoms%2C%20and%20a%20subsequent%20repair%20process%20that%20is%20slow%2C%20and%20often%20incomplete%2C%20resulting%20in%20a%20high%20risk%20of%20recurrence.%20Exercise-induced%20muscle%20damage%20is%20a%20disruption%20to%20myofibrils%20that%20occurs%20gradually%20during%20eccentrically%20biased%20exercise%2C%20resulting%20in%20delayed%20symptoms%2C%20that%20typically%20resolve%20uneventfully%2C%20with%20a%20repair%20process%20that%20makes%20the%20muscle%20resistant%20to%20a%20recurrence%20of%20damage.%20Thus%2C%20muscle%20strain%20injury%20and%20exercise-induced%20muscle%20damage%20should%20be%20viewed%20as%20mutually%20exclusive%20clinical%20entities.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Fabs%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Ftsm2.66%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222573-8488%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22BJVK4NMU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Brownstein%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBrownstein%2C%20C.%20G.%2C%20Ansdell%2C%20P.%2C%20%26%23x160%3Bkarabot%2C%20J.%2C%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Howatson%2C%20G.%2C%20Goodall%2C%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Thomas%2C%20K.%20%282019%29.%20The%20Effect%20of%20Phase%20Change%20Material%20on%20Recovery%20of%20Neuromuscular%20Function%20Following%20Competitive%20Soccer%20Match-Play.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BFrontiers%20in%20Physiology%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B10%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20647.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffphys.2019.00647%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffphys.2019.00647%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DBJVK4NMU%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DYV4IN76Y%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Effect%20of%20Phase%20Change%20Material%20on%20Recovery%20of%20Neuromuscular%20Function%20Following%20Competitive%20Soccer%20Match-Play%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Callum%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brownstein%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paul%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ansdell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jakob%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22%5Cu0160karabot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howatson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stuart%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goodall%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kevin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Aim%3A%20Cryotherapy%20is%20commonly%20implemented%20following%20soccer%20match-play%20in%20an%20attempt%20to%20accelerate%20the%20natural%20time-course%20of%20recovery%2C%20but%20the%20effect%20of%20this%20intervention%20on%20neuromuscular%20function%20is%20unknown.%20The%20aim%20of%20the%20present%20study%20was%20to%20examine%20the%20effect%20of%20donning%20lower-body%20garments%20fitted%20with%20cooled%20phase%20change%20material%20%28PCM%29%20on%20recovery%20of%20neuromuscular%20function%20following%20competitive%20soccer%20match-play.%20Methods%3A%20Using%20a%20randomized%2C%20crossover%20design%2C%2011%20male%20semi-professional%20soccer%20players%20wore%20PCM%20cooled%20to%2015%5Cu00b0C%20%28PCMcold%29%20or%20left%20at%20ambient%20temperature%20%28PCMamb%3B%20sham%20control%29%20for%203%20h%20following%20soccer%20match-play.%20Pre-%2C%20and%2024%2C%2048%2C%20and%2072%20h%20post-match%2C%20participants%20completed%20a%20battery%20of%20neuromuscular%2C%20physical%2C%20and%20perceptual%20tests.%20Maximal%20voluntary%20contraction%20force%20%28MVC%29%20and%20twitch%20responses%20to%20electrical%20%28femoral%20nerve%29%20and%20magnetic%20%28motor%20cortex%29%20stimulation%20%28TMS%29%20during%20isometric%20knee-extension%20and%20at%20rest%20were%20measured%20to%20assess%20central%20nervous%20system%20%28CNS%29%20%28voluntary%20activation%2C%20VA%29%20and%20muscle%20contractile%20%28quadriceps%20potentiated%20twitch%20force%2C%20Qtw%2Cpot%29%20function.%20Fatigue%20and%20perceptions%20of%20muscle%20soreness%20were%20assessed%20via%20visual%20analog%20scales%2C%20and%20physical%20function%20was%20assessed%20through%20measures%20of%20jump%20%5Bcountermovement%20jump%20%28CMJ%29%20height%20and%20reactive%20strength%20index%20%28RSI%29%5D%20performance.%20A%20belief%20questionnaire%20was%20completed%20pre-%20and%20post-intervention%20to%20determine%20the%20perceived%20effectiveness%20of%20each%20garment.%20Results%3A%20Competitive%20soccer%20match-play%20elicited%20persistent%20decrements%20in%20MVC%2C%20VA%20measured%20with%20femoral%20nerve%20stimulation%2C%20Qtw%2Cpot%2C%20as%20well%20as%20reactive%20strength%2C%20fatigue%20and%20muscle%20soreness%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%200.05%29.%20Both%20MVC%20and%20VA%20were%20higher%20at%2048%20h%20post-match%20after%20wearing%20PCMcold%20compared%20with%20PCMamb%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%200.05%29.%20However%2C%20there%20was%20no%20effect%20of%20PCM%20on%20the%20magnitude%20or%20time-course%20of%20recovery%20for%20any%20other%20neuromuscular%2C%20physical%20function%2C%20or%20perceptual%20indices%20studied%20%28P%20%26gt%3B%200.05%29.%20The%20belief%20questionnaire%20revealed%20that%20players%20perceived%20that%20both%20PCMcold%20and%20PCMamb%20were%20moderately%20effective%20in%20improving%20recovery%2C%20with%20no%20difference%20between%20the%20two%20interventions%20%28P%20%3D%200.56%29.%20Conclusion%3A%20Although%20wearing%20cooled%20PCM%20garments%20improved%20MVC%20and%20VA%2048%20h%20following%20match-play%2C%20the%20lack%20of%20effect%20on%20measures%20of%20physical%20function%20or%20perceptual%20responses%20to%20match-play%20suggest%20that%20PCM%20offers%20a%20limited%20benefit%20to%20the%20recovery%20process.%20The%20lack%20of%20effect%20could%20have%20been%20due%20to%20the%20relatively%20small%20magnitude%20of%20change%20in%20most%20of%20the%20outcome%20measures%20studied.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffphys.2019.00647%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2231244667%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22PMC6562676%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221664-042X%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MQK9UXY3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Swain%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BSwain%2C%20C.%20T.%20V.%2C%20Bradshaw%2C%20E.%20J.%2C%20Ekegren%2C%20C.%20L.%2C%20Orishimo%2C%20K.%20F.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20Liederbach%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hagins%2C%20M.%20%282019%29.%20Multi-segment%20spine%20range%20of%20motion%20in%20dancers%20with%20and%20without%20recent%20low%20back%20pain.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BGait%20%26amp%3B%20Posture%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B70%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%2053%26%23x2013%3B58.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.gaitpost.2019.02.012%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.gaitpost.2019.02.012%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DMQK9UXY3%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DWTWE4SBE%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Multi-segment%20spine%20range%20of%20motion%20in%20dancers%20with%20and%20without%20recent%20low%20back%20pain%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christopher%20T.%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Swain%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bradshaw%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christina%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ekegren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orishimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marijeanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liederbach%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marshall%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hagins%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Altered%20spine%20kinematics%20are%20a%20common%20in%20people%20with%20LBP.%20This%20may%20be%20especially%20true%20for%20populations%20such%20as%20dancers%2C%20who%20are%20required%20to%20perform%20repetitive%20movements%20of%20the%20spine%2C%20although%20this%20remains%20unclear.%5CnRESEARCH%20QUESTION%3A%20Do%20dancers%20with%20recent%20LBP%20display%20altered%20spine%20kinematics%20compared%20to%20their%20asymptomatic%20counterparts%3F%5CnMETHODS%3A%20A%20cross-sectional%20study%20of%20multi-segment%20spine%20kinematics%20was%20performed.%20Forty-seven%20pre-professional%20and%20professional%20female%20dancers%20either%20with%20LBP%20in%20the%20past%20two%20months%20%28n%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200926%29%20or%20no%20LBP%20in%20the%20past%2012%20months%20%28n%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200921%29%20participated.%20Range%20of%20motion%20%28ROM%29%20during%20standing%20side%20bending%2C%20seated%20rotation%2C%20and%20walking%20gait%20were%20compared.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Female%20dancers%20with%20LBP%20displayed%20reduced%20upper%20lumbar%20transverse%20plane%20ROM%20in%20seated%20rotation%20%28Effect%20Size%20%28ES%29%3D%20-0.61%2C%2095%25%20Confidence%20Interval%20%28CI%29%3A%20-1.20%2C%200.02%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.04%29%2C%20as%20well%20as%20reduced%20lower%20lumbar%20transverse%20plane%20ROM%20%28ES%3D-0.65%2C%2095%25%20CI%3A%20-1.24%2C%20-0.06%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.03%29%20in%20gait.%20However%2C%20there%20was%20increased%20lower%20thoracic%20transverse%20plane%20ROM%20%28ES%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.62%2C%2095%25%20CI%3A%200.04%2C%201.21%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.04%29%20during%20gait.%20No%20differences%20in%20the%20frontal%20plane%20were%20observed.%5CnSIGNIFICANCE%3A%20Altered%20transverse%20plane%20spine%20kinematics%20were%20evident%20in%20dancers%20with%20recent%20LBP%20for%20select%20segments%20and%20tasks.%20This%20may%20reflect%20a%20protective%20movement%20strategy.%20However%2C%20as%20the%20effect%20sizes%20of%20observed%20differences%20were%20moderate%2C%20and%20the%20total%20number%20of%20differences%20between%20groups%20was%20small%2C%20collectively%2C%20it%20seems%20only%20subtle%20differences%20in%20spine%20kinematics%20differentiate%20dancers%20with%20LBP%20to%20dancers%20without.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.gaitpost.2019.02.012%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230825672%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221879-2219%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZKXYD68S%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ward%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BWard%2C%20R.%20E.%2C%20Fong%20Yan%2C%20A.%2C%20Orishimo%2C%20K.%20F.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20Hagins%2C%20M.%2C%20Liederbach%2C%20M.%2C%20Hiller%2C%20C.%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Pappas%2C%20E.%20%282019%29.%20Comparison%20of%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20between%20male%20and%20female%20dancers%20and%20athletes%20during%20drop%20jump%20landings.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BScandinavian%20Journal%20of%20Medicine%20%26amp%3B%20Science%20in%20Sports%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%281%29%2C%2071%26%23x2013%3B81.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13309%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13309%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DZKXYD68S%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DLSPLH6XB%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Comparison%20of%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20between%20male%20and%20female%20dancers%20and%20athletes%20during%20drop%20jump%20landings%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rachel%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ward%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alycia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fong%20Yan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orishimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marshall%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hagins%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marijeanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Liederbach%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Claire%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hiller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Evangelos%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pappas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Repetition%20of%20jumps%20in%20dance%20and%20sport%20training%20poses%20a%20potential%20injury%20risk%3B%20however%2C%20non-contact%20landing%20injuries%20are%20more%20common%20in%20athletes%20than%20dancers.%20This%20study%20aimed%20to%20compare%20the%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20characteristics%20of%20dancers%20and%20athletes%20during%20drop%20landings%20to%20investigate%20possible%20mechanisms%20of%20impact-related%20injuries.%20Kinematics%20and%20kinetics%20were%20recorded%20as%2039%20elite%20modern%20and%20ballet%20dancers%20%2819%20men%20and%2020%20women%29%20and%2040%20college-level%20team%20sport%20athletes%20%2820%20men%20and%2020%20women%29%20performed%20single-legged%20drop%20landings%20from%20a%2030-cm%20platform.%20Vertical%20leg%20stiffness%20and%20joint%20stiffness%20of%20the%20hip%2C%20knee%2C%20and%20ankle%20were%20calculated%20using%20a%20spring-mass%20model.%20Stiffness%20data%2C%20joint%20kinematics%2C%20and%20moments%20were%20compared%20with%20a%20group-by-sex%202-way%20analysis%20of%20variance.%20Multiple%20linear%20regression%20was%20used%20to%20assess%20the%20relative%20contribution%20of%20hip%20and%20knee%20and%20ankle%20joint%20stiffness%20to%20variance%20in%20overall%20vertical%20leg%20stiffness%20for%20dancers%20and%20athletes.%20Dancers%20had%20lower%20leg%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%2C%20knee%20joint%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.034%29%2C%20and%20ankle%20joint%20stiffness%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.043%29%20than%20athletes.%20This%20was%20facilitated%20by%20lower%20knee%20joint%20moments%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.012%29%20and%20greater%20knee%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.029%29%20and%20ankle%20joint%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.048%29%20range%20of%20motion%20in%20dancers.%20Males%20had%20higher%20leg%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%20and%20ankle%20joint%20stiffness%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%20than%20females.%20This%20occurred%20through%20lower%20ankle%20range%20of%20motion%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26lt%3B%5Cu00a00.001%29%20and%20greater%20ankle%20moment%20%28P%5Cu00a0%3D%5Cu00a00.022%29%20compared%20to%20females.%20Male%20and%20female%20dancers%20demonstrated%20reduced%20lower%20limb%20stiffness%20compared%20to%20athletes%2C%20indicating%20a%20more%20pliable%20landing%20technique.%20Dance%20training%20techniques%20could%20potentially%20inform%20approaches%20to%20injury%20prevention%20in%20athletes.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jan%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fsms.13309%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230242920%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221600-0838%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227K6U3LE9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Fukunaga%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BFukunaga%2C%20T.%2C%20Johnson%2C%20C.%20D.%2C%20Nicholas%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%20%282019%29.%20Muscle%20hypotrophy%2C%20not%20inhibition%2C%20is%20responsible%20for%20quadriceps%20weakness%20during%20rehabilitation%20after%20anterior%20cruciate%20ligament%20reconstruction.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BKnee%20Surgery%2C%20Sports%20Traumatology%2C%20Arthroscopy%3A%20Official%20Journal%20of%20the%20ESSKA%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B27%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20573%26%23x2013%3B579.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00167-018-5166-1%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00167-018-5166-1%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3D7K6U3LE9%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DGHTQBAGF%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Muscle%20hypotrophy%2C%20not%20inhibition%2C%20is%20responsible%20for%20quadriceps%20weakness%20during%20rehabilitation%20after%20anterior%20cruciate%20ligament%20reconstruction%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Takumi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fukunaga%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christopher%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nicholas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20Quadriceps%20weakness%20is%20common%20after%20anterior%20cruciate%20ligament%20reconstruction%20%28ACLR%29.%20Limited%20neuromuscular%20activation%20may%20have%20a%20role%20in%20the%20weakness.%20The%20purpose%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20use%20peripheral%20magnetic%20stimulation%20to%20measure%20changes%20in%20quadriceps%20inhibition%20in%20patients%20during%20rehabilitation%20from%20ACLR.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20Ten%20patients%20%287M%5C%2F3F%3B%20age%2035%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20098%20years%3B%20BMI%2026.0%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20094.8%5Cu00a0kg%5C%2Fm2%29%20who%20had%20ACLR%20with%20patellar%20tendon%20autograft%20were%20recruited.%20At%203%20and%206%5Cu00a0months%20postoperatively%2C%20patients%26%23039%3B%20knee%20extension%20peak%20torque%20was%20measured%20during%20maximum%20voluntary%20isometric%20contraction%20%28MVIC%29%2C%20magnetic%20stimulation-evoked%20contraction%2C%20and%20MVIC%20augmented%20with%20superimposed%20burst%20magnetic%20stimulation%20to%20the%20femoral%20nerve.%20All%20tests%20were%20done%20bilaterally%20at%2030%5Cu00b0%20and%2065%5Cu00b0%20of%20knee%20flexion%20on%20a%20dynamometer.%20Central%20activation%20ratio%20was%20calculated%20by%20dividing%20the%20peak%20torque%20before%20stimulation%20by%20peak%20torque%20after%20stimulation.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Patients%20had%20marked%20deficits%20in%20MVIC%2C%20with%20improvement%20from%203%20to%206%20months%20that%20was%20more%20apparent%20at%2065%5Cu00b0%20versus%2030%5Cu00b0%20%28P%5Cu2009%26lt%3B%5Cu20090.05%29.%20There%20was%20significant%20deficit%20in%20stimulation-evoked%20torque%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20that%20diminished%20over%20time%2C%20and%20this%20change%20occurred%20differently%20between%20the%20two%20angles%20%28P%5Cu2009%26lt%3B%5Cu20090.05%29.%20Central%20activation%20ratio%20was%20lower%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20noninvolved%20side%20and%20this%20effect%20was%20more%20prominent%20at%203%20versus%206%20months%3A%20combining%20the%20angles%2C%20mean%20central%20activation%20ratio%20on%20the%20involved%20and%20noninvolved%20sides%2C%20respectively%2C%20was%2091.4%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20097.6%25%20and%2097.5%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20095.3%25%20at%203%20months%2C%20and%2093.0%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20097.8%25%20and%2095.8%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20096.8%25%20at%206%20months.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20At%203%20and%206%20months%20after%20ACLR%2C%20there%20were%20significant%20deficits%20in%20quadriceps%20strength%20and%20activation.%20Quadriceps%20activation%20levels%20were%20high%20%28%26gt%3B%5Cu200990%25%29%20for%20both%20sides%20at%20both%20time%20points.%20The%20substantial%20strength%20deficits%20at%20this%20postoperative%20period%20may%20be%20largely%20due%20to%20muscle%20atrophy%20with%20limited%20contribution%20from%20central%20inhibition.%20Rehabilitation%20interventions%20to%20normalize%20quadriceps%20strength%20should%20emphasize%20hypertrophic%20stimuli%20as%20opposed%20to%20neuromuscular%20activation%20strategies.%5CnLEVEL%20OF%20EVIDENCE%3A%20II%2C%20prospective%20cohort%20study.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs00167-018-5166-1%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230269167%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221433-7347%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-08-01T00%3A34%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RNYB5MVP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Glace%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BGlace%2C%20B.%20W.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%20%282019%29.%20Effect%20of%20carbohydrate%20beverage%20ingestion%20on%20central%20versus%20peripheral%20fatigue%3A%20a%20placebo-controlled%2C%20randomized%20trial%20in%20cyclists.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BApplied%20Physiology%2C%20Nutrition%2C%20and%20Metabolism%20%3D%20Physiologie%20Appliquee%2C%20Nutrition%20Et%20Metabolisme%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B44%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20139%26%23x2013%3B147.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1139%5C%2Fapnm-2017-0777%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1139%5C%2Fapnm-2017-0777%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DRNYB5MVP%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DBVVBW74F%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Effect%20of%20carbohydrate%20beverage%20ingestion%20on%20central%20versus%20peripheral%20fatigue%3A%20a%20placebo-controlled%2C%20randomized%20trial%20in%20cyclists%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Beth%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Glace%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20investigated%20whether%20carbohydrate%20ingestion%20delays%20fatigue%20in%20endurance-trained%20cyclists%20via%20peripheral%20or%20central%20mechanisms.%20Ten%20men%20%2835%20%5Cu00b1%209%20years%20of%20age%29%20and%2010%20women%20%2842%20%5Cu00b1%207%20years%20of%20age%29%20were%20assigned%2C%20in%20a%20double-blind%2C%20crossover%20design%2C%20to%20a%20sports%20drink%20%28CHO%29%20or%20to%20a%20placebo%20%28PL%29.%20The%20following%20strength%20measures%20were%20made%203%20times%20%28before%20exercise%2C%20after%20a%20time%20trial%20%28TT%29%2C%20and%20after%20a%20ride%20to%20exhaustion%29%3A%20%28i%29%20maximal%20voluntary%20contraction%20%28MVC%29%3B%20%28ii%29%20MVC%20with%20superimposed%20femoral%20nerve%20magnetic%20stimulation%20to%20measure%20central%20activation%20ratio%20%28CAR%29%3B%20and%20%28iii%29%20femoral%20nerve%20stimulation%20in%20a%203-s%20pulse%20train%20on%20relaxed%20muscle.%20The%20subjects%20cycled%20for%202%20h%20at%20approximately%2065%25%20of%20peak%20oxygen%20consumption%2C%20with%20five%201-min%20sprints%20interspersed%2C%20followed%20by%20a%203-km%20TT.%20After%20strength%20testing%2C%20the%20cyclists%20remounted%20their%20bikes%2C%20performed%20a%20brief%20warm-up%2C%20and%20pedaled%20at%20approximately%2085%25%20peak%20oxygen%20consumption%20until%20unable%20to%20maintain%20workload.%20Changes%20in%20metabolic%20and%20strength%20measurements%20were%20analyzed%20with%20repeated-measures%20ANOVA.%20From%20before%20exercise%20to%20after%20the%20TT%2C%20MVC%20declined%20in%20men%20%2817%25%29%20and%20women%20%2818%25%29%20%28p%20%3D%200.004%29%2C%20with%20no%20effect%20of%20beverage%20%28p%20%26gt%3B%200.193%29%3B%20CAR%20decreased%20in%20both%20sexes%20with%20PL%20%28p%20%3D%200.009%29%2C%20and%20the%20decline%20was%20attenuated%20by%20CHO%20in%20men%20only%20%28time%20%5Cu00d7%20treatment%2C%20p%20%3D%200.022%29%3B%20and%20there%20was%20no%20evidence%20of%20peripheral%20fatigue%20in%20either%20sex%20with%20either%20beverage%20%28p%20%26gt%3B%200.122%29.%20Men%20rode%20faster%20in%20the%20TT%20with%20CHO%20%28p%20%3D%200.005%29%20but%20did%20not%20improve%20performance%20in%20the%20ride%20to%20exhaustion%20%28p%20%3D%200.080%29.%20In%20women%2C%20CHO%20did%20not%20improve%20performance%20in%20the%20TT%20%28p%20%3D%200.173%29%20or%20in%20the%20ride%20to%20exhaustion%20%28p%20%3D%200.930%29.%20We%20concluded%20that%20carbohydrate%20ingestion%20preserved%20central%20activation%20and%20performance%20in%20men%2C%20but%20not%20in%20women%2C%20during%20long-duration%20cycling.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1139%5C%2Fapnm-2017-0777%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230058344%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221715-5320%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RY64ZEAD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kwiecien%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKwiecien%2C%20S.%20Y.%2C%20Mathew%2C%20S.%2C%20Howatson%2C%20G.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%20%282019%29.%20The%20effect%20of%20varying%20degrees%20of%20compression%20from%20elastic%20vs%20plastic%20wrap%20on%20quadriceps%20intramuscular%20temperature%20during%20wetted%20ice%20application.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BScandinavian%20Journal%20of%20Medicine%20%26amp%3B%20Science%20in%20Sports%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%288%29%2C%201109%26%23x2013%3B1114.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13430%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fsms.13430%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DRY64ZEAD%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DXUADTMT8%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20effect%20of%20varying%20degrees%20of%20compression%20from%20elastic%20vs%20plastic%20wrap%20on%20quadriceps%20intramuscular%20temperature%20during%20wetted%20ice%20application%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Susan%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kwiecien%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mathew%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howatson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20aim%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20evaluate%20and%20compare%20the%20effectiveness%20of%20wetted%20ice%20bag%2C%20applied%20with%20high%20compression%20elastic%20wrap%20or%20held%20in%20place%20with%20low%20compression%20plastic%20wrap%2C%20on%20reducing%20vastus%20lateralis%20intramuscular%20temperature%20and%20skin%20surface%20temperature.%20Ten%20healthy%20male%20participants%20had%20wetted%20ice%20packs%20applied%20to%20a%20standardized%20area%20on%20the%20anterior%20aspect%20of%20the%20quadriceps%20simultaneously%20to%20both%20legs%20for%2030%5Cu00a0minutes.%20The%20ice%20pack%20was%20secured%20with%20high%20compression%20%28elastic%20wrap%29%20to%20the%20left%20anterior%20thigh%20%2860.6%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a08.1%5Cu00a0mm%5Cu00a0Hg%29%20and%20low%20compression%20%28plastic%20wrap%29%20to%20the%20right%20anterior%20thigh%20%2815.5%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a04.0%5Cu00a0mm%5Cu00a0Hg%29.%20Intramuscular%20temperature%20%281%20and%203%5Cu00a0cm%29%20and%20skin%20temperature%20of%20the%20vastus%20lateralis%20were%20measured%20continuously%20during%20a%2010-minute%20baseline%20period%2C%2030-minute%20treatment%20period%2C%20and%20a%2060-minute%20recovery%20period.%20No%20difference%20was%20observed%20between%20treatments%20in%20terms%20of%20the%20magnitude%20of%20reduction%20in%20intramuscular%20temperature%20at%20both%201%20and%203%5Cu00a0cm%20and%20skin%20temperature%20regardless%20of%20compression%20pressure%20%28P%5Cu00a0%26gt%3B%5Cu00a00.05%29.%20Temperature%20upon%20conclusion%20of%20elastic%20wrap%20treatment%20was%20as%20follows%3A%2017.8%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a05.2%5Cu00b0C%20at%201%5Cu00a0cm%20and%2023.1%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a04.9%5Cu00b0C%20at%203%5Cu00a0cm%3B%20plastic%20wrap%20treatment%3A%2017.9%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a04.4%5Cu00b0C%20at%201%5Cu00a0cm%20and%2024.5%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b1%5Cu00a06.7%5Cu00b0C%20at%203%5Cu00a0cm.%20Plastic%20wraps%20may%20offer%20a%20practical%20alternative%20to%20elastic%20wraps%20for%20clinicians%20as%20they%20may%20be%20disposed%20of%20by%20the%20patient%20or%20athlete%20without%20having%20to%20stay%20at%20the%20treatment%20facility.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Aug%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fsms.13430%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230963633%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221600-0838%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22KHSI8UUG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kwiecien%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-09-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKwiecien%2C%20S.%20Y.%2C%20McHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Goodall%2C%20S.%2C%20Hicks%2C%20K.%20M.%2C%20Hunter%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Howatson%2C%20G.%20%282019%29.%20Exploring%20the%20Efficacy%20of%20a%20Safe%20Cryotherapy%20Alternative%3A%20Physiological%20Temperature%20Changes%20From%20Cold-Water%20Immersion%20Versus%20Prolonged%20Cooling%20of%20Phase-Change%20Material.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInternational%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Physiology%20and%20Performance%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%201288%26%23x2013%3B1296.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1123%5C%2Fijspp.2018-0763%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1123%5C%2Fijspp.2018-0763%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DKHSI8UUG%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3DI78I8YS4%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Exploring%20the%20Efficacy%20of%20a%20Safe%20Cryotherapy%20Alternative%3A%20Physiological%20Temperature%20Changes%20From%20Cold-Water%20Immersion%20Versus%20Prolonged%20Cooling%20of%20Phase-Change%20Material%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Susan%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kwiecien%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stuart%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goodall%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kirsty%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hicks%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Angus%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hunter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howatson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20To%20evaluate%20the%20effectiveness%20between%20cold-water%20immersion%20%28CWI%29%20and%20phase-change-material%20%28PCM%29%20cooling%20on%20intramuscular%2C%20core%2C%20and%20skin-temperature%20and%20cardiovascular%20responses.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20In%20a%20randomized%2C%20crossover%20design%2C%2011%20men%20completed%2015%5Cu00a0min%20of%2015%5Cu00b0C%20CWI%20to%20the%20umbilicus%20and%202-h%20recovery%20or%203%5Cu00a0h%20of%2015%5Cu00b0C%20PCM%20covering%20the%20quadriceps%20and%201%5Cu00a0h%20of%20recovery%2C%20separated%20by%2024%5Cu00a0h.%20Vastus%20lateralis%20intramuscular%20temperature%20at%201%20and%203%5Cu00a0cm%2C%20core%20and%20skin%20temperature%2C%20heart-rate%20variability%2C%20and%20thermal%20comfort%20were%20recorded%20at%20baseline%20and%2015-min%20intervals%20throughout%20treatment%20and%20recovery.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Intramuscular%20temperature%20decreased%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%29%20during%20and%20after%20both%20treatments.%20A%20faster%20initial%20effect%20was%20observed%20from%2015%5Cu00a0min%20of%20CWI%20%28%5Cu0394%3A%204.3%5Cu00b0C%20%5B1.7%5Cu00b0C%5D%201%5Cu00a0cm%3B%205.5%5Cu00b0C%20%5B2.1%5Cu00b0C%5D%203%5Cu00a0cm%3B%20P%20%3D%20.01%29.%20However%2C%20over%20time%20%282%5Cu00a0h%2015%5Cu00a0min%29%2C%20greater%20effects%20were%20observed%20from%20prolonged%20PCM%20treatment%20%28%5Cu0394%3A%204.2%5Cu00b0C%20%5B1.9%5Cu00b0C%5D%201%5Cu00a0cm%3B%202.2%5Cu00b0C%20%5B2.2%5Cu00b0C%5D%203%5Cu00a0cm%3B%20treatment%20%5Cu00d7%20time%2C%20P%20%3D%20.0001%29.%20During%20the%20first%20hour%20of%20recovery%20from%20both%20treatments%2C%20intramuscular%20temperature%20was%20higher%20from%20CWI%20at%201%5Cu00a0cm%20%28P%20%3D%20.013%29%20but%20not%203%5Cu00a0cm.%20Core%20temperature%20deceased%200.25%5Cu00b0%20%280.32%5Cu00b0%29%20from%20CWI%20%28P%20%3D%20.001%29%20and%200.28%5Cu00b0C%20%280.27%5Cu00b0C%29%20from%20PCM%20%28P%20%3D%20.0001%29%2C%20whereas%20heart-rate%20variability%20increased%20during%20both%20treatments%20%28P%20%3D%20.001%29%2C%20with%20no%20differences%20between%20treatments.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20The%20magnitude%20of%20temperature%20reduction%20from%20CWI%20was%20comparable%20with%20PCM%2C%20but%20intramuscular%20temperature%20was%20decreased%20for%20longer%20during%20PCM.%20PCM%20cooling%20packs%20offer%20an%20alternative%20for%20delivering%20prolonged%20cooling%20whenever%20application%20of%20CWI%20is%20impractical%20while%20also%20exerting%20a%20central%20effect%20on%20core%20temperature%20and%20heart%20rate.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%2002%2C%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1123%5C%2Fijspp.2018-0763%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2230958051%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221555-0273%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-04-21T18%3A28%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22CF96WS9I%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A2488608%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22McHugh%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-11%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMcHugh%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Orishimo%2C%20K.%20F.%2C%20Kremenic%2C%20I.%20J.%2C%20Adelman%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Nicholas%2C%20S.%20J.%20%282019%29.%20Electromyographic%20Evidence%20of%20Excessive%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Elongation%20During%20Isometric%20Contractions%20After%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Repair.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BOrthopaedic%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B7%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2811%29%2C%202325967119883357.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967119883357%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967119883357%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DCF96WS9I%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BDownload%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DownloadURL%20zp-getDownloadURL%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-dl%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D2488608%26amp%3Bdlkey%3D4K7JIKJ7%26amp%3Bcontent_type%3Dapplication%5C%2Fpdf%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDownload%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Electromyographic%20Evidence%20of%20Excessive%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Elongation%20During%20Isometric%20Contractions%20After%20Achilles%20Tendon%20Repair%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malachy%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McHugh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orishimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kremenic%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adelman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stephen%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nicholas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%20Weakness%20in%20end-range%20plantarflexion%20has%20been%20demonstrated%20after%20Achilles%20tendon%20repair%20and%20may%20be%20because%20of%20excessive%20tendon%20elongation.%20The%20mean%20frequency%20%28MNF%29%20of%20surface%20electromyogram%20%28EMG%29%20data%20during%20isometric%20maximum%20voluntary%20contraction%20%28MVC%29%20increases%20with%20muscle%20fiber%20shortening.%5CnHypothesis%3A%20During%20isometric%20plantarflexion%2C%20MNF%20during%20MVCs%20will%20be%20higher%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20compared%20with%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20after%20Achilles%20tendon%20repair%20because%20of%20excessive%20tendon%20elongation%20and%20greater%20muscle%20fiber%20shortening.%5CnStudy%20Design%3A%20Case%20series%3B%20Level%20of%20evidence%2C%204.%5CnMethods%3A%20Isometric%20plantarflexion%20MVC%20torque%20was%20measured%20at%2020%5Cu00b0%20and%2010%5Cu00b0%20dorsiflexion%2C%20neutral%2C%20and%2010%5Cu00b0%20and%2020%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20in%2017%20patients%20%2815%20men%2C%202%20women%3B%20mean%20age%2C%2039%20%5Cu00b1%209%20years%29%20at%20a%20mean%2043%20%5Cu00b1%2026%20months%20after%20surgery.%20Surface%20EMG%20signals%20were%20recorded%20during%20strength%20tests.%20MNF%20was%20calculated%20from%20fast%20Fourier%20transforms%20of%20medial%20gastrocnemius%20%28MG%29%2C%20lateral%20gastrocnemius%20%28LG%29%2C%20and%20soleus%20%28SOL%29%20EMG%20signals.%5CnResults%3A%20Patients%20had%20marked%20weakness%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%2020%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20%28deficit%2C%2028%25%20%5Cu00b1%2018%25%3B%20P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%29%20but%20no%20significant%20weakness%20in%2020%5Cu00b0%20dorsiflexion%20%28deficit%2C%208%25%20%5Cu00b1%2015%25%3B%20P%20%3D%20.195%29.%20MNF%20increased%20when%20moving%20from%20dorsiflexion%20to%20plantarflexion%20%28P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%29%2C%20but%20overall%2C%20it%20was%20not%20different%20between%20the%20involved%20and%20uninvolved%20sides%20%28P%20%3D%20.195%29.%20However%2C%20differences%20in%20MNF%20between%20the%20involved%20and%20uninvolved%20sides%20were%20apparent%20in%20patients%20with%20marked%20weakness.%20At%2010%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%2C%208%20of%2017%20patients%20had%20marked%20weakness%20%28%26gt%3B20%25%20deficit%29.%20MNF%20at%2010%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20was%20significantly%20higher%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%20patients%20with%20weakness%2C%20but%20this%20was%20not%20apparent%20in%20patients%20with%20no%20weakness%20%28side%20by%20group%2C%20P%20%3D%20.012%29.%20Mean%20MNF%20at%2010%5Cu00b0%20plantarflexion%20across%20the%203%20muscles%20was%2013%25%20higher%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%20patients%20with%20weakness%20%28P%20%3D%20.012%29%20versus%203%25%20lower%20in%20patients%20with%20no%20weakness%20%28P%20%3D%20.522%29.%5CnConclusion%3A%20Higher%20MNF%20on%20the%20involved%20side%20versus%20the%20uninvolved%20side%20in%20patients%20with%20significant%20plantarflexion%20weakness%20is%20consistent%20with%20greater%20muscle%20fiber%20shortening.%20This%20indicates%20that%20weakness%20was%20primarily%20because%20of%20excessive%20lengthening%20of%20the%20repaired%20Achilles%20tendon.%20If%20weakness%20was%20simply%20because%20of%20atrophy%2C%20a%20lower%20MNF%20would%20have%20been%20expected%20and%20patients%20would%20have%20had%20weakness%20throughout%20the%20range%20of%20motion.%20Surgical%20and%20rehabilitative%20strategies%20are%20needed%20to%20prevent%20excessive%20tendon%20elongation%20and%20weakness%20in%20end-range%20plantarflexion%20after%20Achilles%20repair.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Nov%202019%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F2325967119883357%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%2231763342%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22PMC6854752%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222325-9671%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22S56ZU2DB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222020-08-01T00%3A34%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D